Clinical Trial: Non-invasive Optical Detection of Iron Deficiency in Children

Study Status: Completed
Recruit Status: Completed
Study Type: Observational

Official Title: Non-invasive Optical Detection of Iron Deficiency in Children- Evaluation of a Fiber Optic Tissue Fluorescence Measurement to Determine the Erythrocyte Zinc Protoporphyrin

Brief Summary: This study aims to evaluate a prototype device detecting zinc protoporphyrin-IX fluorescence non-invasively from the intact oral mucosa in children. The prototype device has shown high sensitivity and specificity in women after delivery for iron deficiency. Children are at increased risk for iron deficiency and prevention methods are not established jet. Zinc protoporphyrin-IX is an early indicator of iron deficiency and may be more sensitive than other established parameters. The prototype device is used to measure the erythrocyte zinc protoporphyrin-IX/heme ratio in children aged 9 months to 5 years. Children in this age are at increased risk for iron deficiency as they are growing rapidly and iron deficiency in this age may affect the neurodevelopment and immune system adversely. It is proposed that these effects cannot be rectified by iron supplementation in later years. The results from the non-invasive measurements are compared to reference measurements of the erythrocyte zinc protoporphyrin-IX/heme ratio from residual blood samples from the same patients and to other indicators of iron status, including hemoglobin, ferritin, serum iron, transferrin, transferrin saturation and soluble transferrin receptor.

Detailed Summary:

This trial is a proof-of-concept study using a prototype fiber optic fluorometer to acquire autofluorescence spectra in children aged 9 months to 5 years and determine the erythrocyte zinc protoporphyrin-IX fluorescence intensity from these spectra. The non-invasively determined fluorescence spectra are evaluated to provide a quantitative measure of the erythrocyte zinc protoporphyrin-IX/heme concentration ratio. These values are primarily compared to an erythrocyte zinc protoporphyrin-IX determined by HPLC from residual blood samples from the same subjects and secondarily to erythrocyte zinc protoporphyrin-IX/heme ratios determined using a commercial hematofluorometer (AVIV, model 206d) and other indicators of iron status, including hemoglobin, ferritin, serum iron, transferrin, transferrin saturation and soluble transferrin receptor

This study could help to establish the non-invasive fluorescence measurement of zinc protoporphyrin-IX as a rapid, easy to use means for point-of-care screening for iron deficiency in resource-limited settings lacking laboratory infrastructure.


Sponsor: Ludwig-Maximilians - University of Munich

Current Primary Outcome: Comparison of non-invasive erythrocyte zinc protoporphyrin IX measurements with HPLC reference (Spearman's Rho correlation, sensitivity and specificity) [ Time Frame: 1 day after measurement ]

Erythrocyte zinc protoporphyrin IX in the units of μmol/mol heme, as determined from non-invasive fluorescence and remission spectroscopic measurements at the oral mucosa, compared with reference standard determinations of erythrocyte zinc protoporphyrin IX in blood samples by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).


Original Primary Outcome: Same as current

Current Secondary Outcome: Comparison of non-invasive erythrocyte zinc protoporphyrin IX measurements with estimate of body iron (sensitivity and specificity) [ Time Frame: 1 day after measurement ]

Erythrocyte zinc protoporphyrin IX in the units of μmol/mol heme, as determined from non-invasive fluorescence and remission spectroscopic measurements at the oral mucosa, compared with an estimate of total body iron, determined from the logarithm of the soluble transferrin receptor/ferritin ratio.


Original Secondary Outcome: Same as current

Information By: Ludwig-Maximilians - University of Munich

Dates:
Date Received: March 2, 2016
Date Started: April 2016
Date Completion:
Last Updated: September 7, 2016
Last Verified: September 2016