Clinical Trial: Hepatosplenic CANdidiasis : PETscan and Immune Response Analysis

Study Status: Recruiting
Recruit Status: Recruiting
Study Type: Interventional

Official Title: Multicenter Prospective Pilot Study Investigating Pathophysiology, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Strategies of Hepatosplenic Candidiasis

Brief Summary: The purpose of this study is to determine whether F18 fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron-emission tomography scan (PET scan) is useful for the therapy strategy of hepatosplenic candidiasis.

Detailed Summary: Chronic disseminated candidiasis, often referred to as hepatosplenic candidiasis (HSC), is an infection due to Candida spp. that mainly involves the liver and spleen. HSC occurs mostly in patients with profound and prolonged neutropenia, which is more often seen in patients with hematologic malignancies. Despite an appropriate antifungal prophylaxis, the incidence of HSC in France might be closed to 5% in patients suffering from acute leukemia. Early and adequate diagnosis and treatment of HSC are crucial, as treatment delays can negatively affect the prognosis of the underlying condition. Current guidelines recommend a 6-month duration treatment. Prolonged treatments up to 6 months are frequent, leading to antifungal toxicity and cost increase. Preliminary study by our team has already assessed F18 fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron-emission tomography scan (PET scan) as a diagnostic tool for HSC. 18F-FDG PET scan could be helpful in the diagnosis, follow-up and therapy strategy of HSC, helping to stop antifungal treatment. Other molecular, immunological and serological tools have to be developed in order to avoid hepatic biopsies. Actually, mycological evidence of infection is found in only 20% of the cases. The pathogenesis of HSC is also not well understood, but it is believed that it may be due to an unbalanced adaptive immune response that leads to an exacerbated inflammatory reaction, resulting in an Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome (IRIS). In that context, a better understanding of the disease pathophysiology and of the potential genetic susceptibility could have an impact on therapy strategy. For example, new approaches such as the use of adjuvant high-dose corticosteroids have been shown beneficial. This study is the first step to improve HSC diagnosis and therapy strategy.
Sponsor: Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris

Current Primary Outcome: Global response to therapy [ Time Frame: at month 3 ]

Clinical assessment (no fever) and PET scan assessment (intensity of liver and/or spleen lesions)


Original Primary Outcome: Same as current

Current Secondary Outcome:

  • 18F-FDG PET scan and RMI usefulness in initial diagnosis [ Time Frame: at month 3 ]
    Comparison between Day 0 and Month 3 exams
  • Serological and molecular mycological tools assessment [ Time Frame: at day 0 ]

    Measurement of beta-1,3-D-glucans, mannan/anti-mannan, anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibodies in comparison with controls.

    Assessment of a new real-time PCR on serum and hepatic tissue

  • Serological and molecular mycological tools assessment [ Time Frame: at Month 3 ]

    Measurement of beta-1,3-D-glucans, mannan/anti-mannan, anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibodies in comparison with controls.

    Assessment of a new real-time PCR on serum and hepatic tissue

  • Serological and molecular mycological tools assessment [ Time Frame: at Month 6 ]

    Measurement of beta-1,3-D-glucans, mannan/anti-mannan, anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibodies in comparison with controls.

    Assessment of a new real-time PCR on serum and hepatic tissue

  • Inflammatory cells and mediators [ Time Frame: at day 0 ]
    Measurement of cytokines and lymphocytes populations on serum and hepatic tissue in comparison with controls
  • Inflammatory cells and mediators [ Time Frame: at month 3 ]
    Measurement of cytokines and lymphocytes populations on serum and hepatic tissue in comparison with controls
  • Inflammatory cells and mediators [ Time Frame: at month 6 ]
    Measurement of cytokines and lymphocytes populations on serum and hepatic tissue in comparison with controls
  • Genetic susceptibility [ Time Frame: at day 0 ]
    Search for susceptibility genes to candidiasis in comparison with controls


Original Secondary Outcome: Same as current

Information By: Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris

Dates:
Date Received: August 2, 2013
Date Started: November 2013
Date Completion: March 2018
Last Updated: July 31, 2016
Last Verified: July 2016