Clinical Trial: Dietary Intakes and Periodontal Outcomes After Sanative Therapy

Study Status: Completed
Recruit Status: Completed
Study Type: Observational

Official Title: Dietary Intakes and Periodontal Outcomes After Sanative Therapy

Brief Summary: Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease and a significant risk factor for tooth loss. While a link between diet and periodontal health exists, the relationship between diet and healing following periodontal therapy has yet to be investigated.The objective of this study was to determine if higher intakes of foods and nutrients with antioxidant or anti-inflammatory activity are associated with reduced probing depth following sanative therapy. Sanative therapy is a first line cost-effective treatment to manage periodontal disease and thus prevent tooth loss. Patients with chronic generalized periodontitis undergoing sanative therapy were recruited for the study. Mean probing depth was assessed at baseline and 8-16 weeks following sanative therapy. Dietary intakes of fruits, vegetables, vitamins and dietary fats were estimated using the Block 2005 food frequency questionnaire and supplement use was recorded using a questionnaire. A small venous blood sample was also collected at baseline to measure serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations.

Detailed Summary:

Oral health, specifically the retention of teeth, is inextricably and positively linked with nutritional status of an individual. The emerging inter-relationships among obesity, type II diabetes metabolic syndrome, acute coronary syndrome and/or breast cancer with the etiology of periodontal disease identify nutrition as having a unique role in potentially modulating these complex relationships. Some nutrients such as vitamin D and fatty acids have been studied more extensively than other nutrients. Cross-sectional studies using National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data or other cohorts have identified that individuals with higher intakes of vitamin D or omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids have a decreased risk of periodontal disease and tooth loss. One study has identified that individuals with better vitamin D status (measured as serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D) have better recovery after sanative therapy. Sanative therapy is a routine, first line cost-effective treatment to manage periodontal disease and thus prevent tooth loss. It is a non-surgical process involving mechanical debridement of bacterial biofilms on the roots of teeth, below the level of the gum line. Although one study has reported associations between vitamin D and outcomes after sanative therapy, the status of other nutrients or overall dietary patterns has not been assessed in relation to recovery from sanative therapy. The objective of this study was to determine if higher intakes of foods and nutrients with antioxidant or anti-inflammatory activity, including fruits, vegetables, β-carotene, vitamin C, vitamin D, vitamin E and omega-3 fatty acids were associated with reduced probing depth following sanative therapy.

The study took place at a periodontal clinic in Southern Ontario, Canada. Prior to enrolment, patients attended a consultation where a baseline periodontal examinatio
Sponsor: Brock University

Current Primary Outcome: Periodontal healing evaluated based on changes in mean probing depth [ Time Frame: Baseline and between 8 and 16 weeks after sanative therapy ]

Original Primary Outcome: Same as current

Current Secondary Outcome:

Original Secondary Outcome:

Information By: Brock University

Dates:
Date Received: October 16, 2014
Date Started: January 2013
Date Completion:
Last Updated: November 14, 2014
Last Verified: November 2014